DISADVANTAGES OF OPTIONAL NOTIFICATION.

Disadvantages of Peer Reviews

Optional Stopping

Introduction Suppose you are determined to “prove” that green apples cause cancer. An Optional Stopping strategy (OS) is where you keep looking sampling experimental data until the observed correlation between eating green applies and cancer is significantly different from 0 (where “significantly” means that the null hypothesis is rejected by standard statistical tests). That is, you follow a r...

Optional pragmatic processes or optional covert linguistic structure?*

The starting point for this paper is an asymmetry between overt linguistic indexicals and (alleged) covert indexicals. It has been proposed that the problem can be solved by making covert indexicals optional (Martí 2006) and that this provides a much better (linguistically respectable) account of the key phenomena than one that advocates an optional process of free (not linguistically mandated)...

Disadvantages of a SPARCling defense

Giving infecting bacteria a little freedom early on can be good for the host, according to a new study by Rotta et al. (page 657). Confining the bugs too quickly, they find, can tie up the immune cells that need to spread the word. Certain bacteria, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Salmonella, are quickly surrounded by macrophages, dendritic cells, and other immune cells that seal off the...

Optional Composition - A Solution to the Optional Feature Problem?

Acknowledgements At this point, I would like to thank Christian Kästner for advising this thesis. Thank you for the discussions about this topic and helpful suggestions. Special thanks for reading all the drafts of this thesis and the critical view, which helped to improve this thesis. I would like to thank my fellow student Christian Becker for the fantastic time during the study. Furthermore,...